'push outwards'

The working principle of single-acting cylinders are to transfer hydraulic fluids or an output force in one direction only. Within the cylinder, the piston rod can push outwards but cannot pull back, therefore requiring a force in the opposite direction to return the rod back to its original position.

FAILED

They are suitable for pumping low viscosity fluids. These pumps improve flow rate by reducing the internal mechanical losses and damping. An electric motor is coupled to the pump rotor to create a rotary motion. As the rotor rotates, the fluid enters the pump. This fluid flows into the hydraulic vane pump chambers. The volume of the vane chambers at the inlet sections is larger than that at the outlet section of the pump. The decrease in volume helps the fluid to develop a high pressure as it exits the pump. As the rotor rotates, the pump vanes tend to move outwards. This is due to the centrifugal force and the symmetrical shape of the pump casing. In the inlet, the vanes create a vacuum, causing a pressure difference thus, it draws fluid into the pump.

FAILED